Relay Computer salvage and repair · identity

Four colours. Anything else gets dithered.

Relay strips, tests and resells machines that other people have written off. The palette is four values and cannot grow, so every intermediate tone in the system is an ordered dither of two of them, a countable pattern rather than a new colour somebody chose. A workshop that fixes what it is given works the same way.

Client
Relay (invented)
Place
Dundee, Angus
Style
Pixel revival
After
Susan Kare, Macintosh system icons, 1983
Type
Silkscreen, Chivo and Chivo Mono
Grid
4 px cell, everything on whole cells
Dither
Ordered, 4 × 4 Bayer
01

An R on a sixteen cell grid

Drawn as runs of whole cells, not as a shape that was later pixelated. Twenty rectangles describe the whole letter, which is the test: if it cannot be written down as a short list of cells it is not a pixel drawing.

Relay
Mark · bone on ink
Tested · teal, one of the four
Untested · 8 of 16, dithered

The mark, and the two states a machine can be in

Written down
Twenty rectangles, each a run of whole cells on a 16 by 16 field. That is the whole letter, and it is short enough to read as a list, which is the point of drawing this way.
The third state
Untested stock is the dithered mark: amber at 8 of 16, so the machine is visibly not yet one thing or the other. It stops being dithered the moment somebody tests it.
Sizes
Only whole multiples of sixteen pixels, so every cell is a whole number of pixels: 32, 48, 64, 112. At anything else the browser resamples and the edges soften, which turns a drawing built from cells into a picture of one.
Never
Never a floppy disk, never a CRT with a smiling face, never a drop shadow. The workshop is thirty years past the machines it is named after and does not dress as them.
02

Ask for a fifth colour and watch it become a pattern

Move the mix between two of the four. With dithering on you get an ordered pattern and a count of how many cells in sixteen are on. Turn it off and there is no fifth colour to fall back to, so it snaps, which is what a four colour system actually does.

The rule running · ordered 4 × 4 Bayer, 17 steps from one of the four to another

Why ordered
Error diffusion looks better and cannot be specified. An ordered matrix gives the same pattern every time for the same value, so a shelf label printed today matches one printed last year.
Seventeen steps
Zero to sixteen cells. That is the whole range available between any two of the four, and it is plenty: the workshop uses three of them and the rest exist so nobody has to invent one.
Snapping
With dithering off the mix rounds to whichever of the two it is nearer. Nothing breaks, and that is the honest answer to asking a four colour system for a fifth colour.
At size
The pattern is fixed to the cell, not to the artefact, so a dither on a van door has the same four pixel period as one on a shelf label. Scaling the pattern is how dithering turns into texture.
03

Four, and the patterns between them

Ink, bone, amber, teal. Amber means needs work, teal means tested and working, and the dithers between them are the only other values that exist anywhere in the system.

INK#12151A
BONE#EDEAE2
AMBER#FF7A1A
TEAL#57C7B0
4 of 16 · amber into bone
8 of 16 · the untested tone
12 of 16 · amber into bone

Four values and three patterns · nothing else is used anywhere

Measured
On the ink ground, bone is 15.2 to 1, amber 7.0 and teal 8.9. Dark ink on either accent is the same 7.0 and 8.9, so a chip works either way round.
The two states
Amber is needs work, teal is tested and working. They are never used decoratively, so a shelf can be read across a room without anyone reading a word.
Both themes
The four do not have a dark variant. Page furniture flips; artefacts do not, because a four colour system with eight colours in it is a four colour system in name only.
04

A bitmap face, and one that is not

Silkscreen where the grid is the point, Chivo everywhere a person has to read more than a few words. Setting a paragraph in a bitmap face is nostalgia at the reader’s expense, and this workshop writes long condition reports.

Display · Silkscreen, on the cell

RELAY · DUNDEE

Headline · Chivo 900

Three hundred machines a year, and we test every one

Text · Chivo

Every machine arrives with a fault somebody else gave up on. We log what was wrong, what we replaced and what we could not fix, and that report goes out with the machine whether it flatters us or not.

Mono · anything catalogued

REL-0412 · ThinkPad T430 · i5-3320M · 8 GB · tested

Silkscreen for labels and marks · Chivo for anything with sentences in it

Silkscreen sizes
Multiples of eight only: 16, 24, 32 and 48 on this page, dropping a whole step on a phone. A bitmap face at 19 pixels is a bitmap face being resampled, which loses the exact thing it was chosen for.
Where it stops
Labels, marks, part numbers on a shelf. Never a sentence, never a paragraph, never a condition report that somebody has to read twice to check what was replaced.
Mono
Chivo Mono for reference numbers and specifications, so a catalogue number never reads as a word and a person can copy it accurately over the phone.
05

Applications

Six pieces. Amber and teal do the same job on every one of them, so a shelf of machines can be read from the door without reading anything.

RELAYJob ticket
RefREL-0412
MachineThinkPad T430
InNo display, suspect inverter
DonePanel cable, board cleaned
TESTED
Job ticket · teal because it passed
SHELF C
NEEDS WORK
14 machines · last counted 3 March
Shelf label · amber, read from the door
PARTSIn stock
T430 panel cableREL-P1186
2.5in caddyREL-P20431
65W adapterREL-P0772
Keyboard, UKREL-P1500
Parts list · the same two states, on a screen
RELAY Blackness Road · Dundee
Window vinyl · cut on the cell, no curves
TESTED 03/26 REL-0412 · passed 14 checks
Asset sticker · goes on the machine that leaves
RELAYUntested intake
RefREL-0466
MachineUnknown, no PSU
InDonated, not yet opened
Intake ticket · dithered, because it is neither yet
06

Voice

A workshop that publishes what it could not fix. Everything it says is a count, a condition, or an honest admission.

Say

Replaced the panel cable. Battery holds 41 minutes. Fan is noisy and we could not fix that.

Fully refurbished to as-new condition.

Say

Untested. We have not opened it yet, and it is on the shelf as dithered until we have.

Coming soon, watch this space.

Say

Two adapters left. We will have more when somebody donates more.

Limited stock, order now to avoid disappointment.

Say

Three hundred machines last year. Forty-one we could not save, and those went for parts.

Saving the planet, one laptop at a time.

07

What breaks it

A four colour rule fails in exactly one direction: somebody needs a tone and takes the easy way to it. Four, and the first ends it.

A fifth colour The one that ends it. Two tints added between amber and teal because a chart needed four steps. Once the palette can grow, the dither has no reason to exist and the whole system is just a dark theme with an orange in it.
A gradient A smooth blend used where a dither belongs. It contains hundreds of colours, none of them specifiable, and it cannot be screen printed onto a van door or cut in vinyl, which is where half of this identity lives.
Off the cell The mark set at a size that is not a whole multiple of sixteen, so every edge is resampled and softened. The drawing is still made of cells; the reader can no longer tell, which is the only thing that made it worth drawing that way.
Dither as texture The pattern scaled up so it reads as stripes over a whole surface. A dither is a mix of two colours at a fixed four pixel period; enlarge it and it stops being a value and becomes wallpaper.

Relay is invented, built as a portfolio exercise in the pixel revival. Dundee and Blackness Road are real; this workshop, its stock, reference numbers, parts, prices and staff are not. The approach is after Susan Kare’s Macintosh system icons of 1983 and the revival of the look from about 2026, credited as an influence only. Part of the One Rule Each series.

Rule

Four colours, and anything that needs a fifth is dithered: an ordered 4 × 4 Bayer pattern of two of the four, at a fixed cell, never scaled.